(ii) iron strip is dipped in zinc sulphate solution? In other words, electron affinity is inversely proportional to the atomic size. Metals usually have fewer valence electrons than nonmetals. An element A burns with golden flame in air. The gas burns with a pop sound. Give equation of the reactions. CuSO4 (aq) + Ag(s) → No reaction Solubility: These are soluble in water (polar solvent) but insoluble in organic solvent. Therefore, the nature of bond in the compound XY is ionic. On passing the current through the electrolyte, the pure metal from the anode dissolves into the electrolyte. M + 2HCl → MCl2 + H2 The resistance can be improved further by making the oxide layer thicker. These can behave as either an electron donor or electron acceptor. (ii) How can the metal be obtained from its carbonate ore ? Generally, non-metals are not lustrous. (ii) Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of Na or Mg. (a) Metal M which is in the middle of the reactivity series. Answer: Pure gold is very soft and not suitable for making jewellery. Ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the gaseous atom or ion. But, covalent compounds like glucose do not conduct electricity because they do not contain ions. Name a non-metal which is lustrous. Because of this, the number of protons inside the nucleus of the atom also increases. Question and Answer forum for K12 Students. The reaction is (i) (a) Aluminium, (b) a mixture of Cu2O and Cu2S is heated ? Answer: Best non metals lies in the top right corner (except group 18 elements) while best metals lies in the left bottom corner of the periodic table. Answer: (iii) NaCl is not a conductor of electricity in solid state whereas it does conduct electricity in aqueous solution as well as in molten state. Non metallic character trend in periodic table is shown in below image. Iqbal treated a lustrous, divalent element M with sodium hydroxide. Question 12. the element is a metal (ii) How would you show that silver is chemically less reactive than copper? Explain. Lead and copper. Which of these two is used for sulphide ores and why? Question 10. Yes, small size indicates that the nucleus has more attractive force. At cathode : Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu. Question 31. (ii) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with aluminium powder. Answer: On the basis of electrochemical series, explain that copper does not release hydrogen gas when it reacts with dilute sulphuric acid. Question 25. Positive: When energy is supplied to an atom while adding an electron. And if the Valence electron is away from the nucleus, it remains less attracted towards the nucleus. Also they have high malleability and ductility. (ii) For obtaining metals that are in the middle of reactivity series, oxides of such metals can be reduced with coke (carbon) which acts as a reducing agent. As we move across the period (from left to right), the atomic radius or atomic size of elements decreases. Question 11. Answer: Question 16. So when zinc layer on the surface of galvanised iron article is broken, then zinc continues to corrode but iron article does not corrode or rust. Write the name and formula of two important ores of copper ? Now, what does the small size of an atom indicate? (b) Metal N which is high up in the reactivity series. This makes the electron far from the nucleus, which results in less attractive force between the nucleus and outermost electron.). (i) The metal is zinc (Zn). Metals are good conductors of electricity because they contain free electrons. Question 1. M is copper. At anode: 2Cl– → Cl2 + 2e–. If the attractive force is more, then the electron pair tends to remain closer towards the atom. (i) Physical nature : Hard and solid due to strong attractive forces between oppositely charged ions. The produced gas can be identified by bringing a burning matchstick near the reaction vessel.. Ag, Au etc.. He observed the formation of bubbles in reaction mixture. Question 2. Ex. Metals low in activity series can be obtained by reducing their sulphides or oxides by heating. electron acceptor (Cl) meets electron donor (Na) electron jumps from Na to Cl to form. So as the number of shells increases, the atomic size increases. Firstly, I want to tell you one property of metals. Why? So based on the very first image, we can easily remember the Periodic trends in Periodic table. The compound will conduct electricity when dissolved in water or in molten state. At cathode : Na+ + e– → Na If a pice of silver is immersed in a solution of copper sulphate, no reaction will take place because silver is less reactive than copper and will not displace copper from the copper sulphate solution. Question 6. Other articles where Electron transfer is discussed: bacteria: Nutritional requirements: …is generated by means of electron-transfer reactions, in which electrons move from an organic or inorganic donor molecule to an acceptor molecule via a pathway that conserves the energy released during the transfer of electrons by trapping it in a form that the cell can use for its chemical or… Minerals : The elements or compounds which occur naturally in the earth crust are known as minerals. Thus, when magnesium and chlorine are brought together, the magnesium atom transfers its two valence electrons to two chlorine atoms. This process is called calcination. Iodine. Answer: Mg2+ + 2Cl– → Mg2+ 2Cl– Or MgCl2 Now, atomic size decreases from left to right across a period, which keeps the electrons attracted towards the nucleus. #4 Periodic trends: Non metallic character. In simple words, the electron itself cannot escape out of the orbit. While ionic bonds join metals to nonmetals, and covalent bonds join nonmetals to nonmetals, metallic bonds are responsible for the bonding between metal atoms. (i) What is an ionic bond ? So, as the atomic size decreases, the Electronegativity increases. If the element is more electronegative, the tendency of it to keep the electrons in it is more. A solution of the metal salt is made as an electrolyte. Question 25. It is easier to obtain metal from its oxide, as compared from its sulphides and carbonates. These free ions are responsible for conduction of electricity. sufficient for hydrogen to catch fire. The extent of donation properties varies from alcohol to alcohol. (iii) Formation of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) : The atomic number of magnesium is 12. SO2 + H20 → H2SO4. Due to this property, graphite is utilised in making electrodes. Checkout Interactive Periodic table and download it’s high resolution image now (It’s FREE). Nonmetal, in physics, a substance having a finite activation energy (band gap) for electron conduction. There are two types of dopants, n-type dopants and p-type dopants; n-type dopants act as electron donors, and p-type dopants act as electron … 2Cu + O2 → 2CuO (Black). Therefore, such metals are obtained by electrolytic reduction of their molten salt. When a metal (usually 1, 2 or 3 electrons in outermost shell) reacts with a non-metal (usually 5, 6 or 7 electrons in outermost shell), transfer of electrons takes place from metal atoms to the non-metal atoms and an ionic bond is formed. 3. Write about different chemical processes used for obtaining a metal from its oxides, for metals low in the reactivity series, metals in the middle of reactivity series and metals towards the top of the reactivity series. Non metallic character trend in periodic table is exactly opposite to the metallic character trend. (iii) Copper wires are good conductor of electricity, so, they are used in electrical connections. Answer: Question 37. Now, as we move down the group, the number of orbits increases. (i) iron nail is placed in silver nitrate solution ? Ionization energy trend in periodic table. And if the size of the atom is large, then it will exert less attractive force on the electron pair. You feel hot in summer and cold in winter. Onthecontrary,alltheolder chemistrybooksandtheones ofrecent editionwhichI ... call metals electron donors and non-metals electron acceptors? Metals are electron donors and hence are electropositive. (c) Electrical conduction in substances. (i) Anode : Impure silver (b) Is MnO, getting oxidised ? Ionic compounds are those compounds which are formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal. A nonmetal with its greater electron affinity is a better electron acceptor than the metal, making it a stronger oxidizing agent. What is 24-carat gold ? State reason for the following: Notice that the reaction has to balance — the total number of atoms of hydrogen and oxygen on one side of the reaction are the same as the … For example, zinc metal from its oxide is obtained as follows: (b) The metal N which is high up in the reactivity series (such as sodium, magnesium, calcium, aluminium, etc. The stronger the acid, the _____ the conjugate base. Thus electron affinity increases across the period (from left to right. Question 38. 2. So, for obtaining such metals from their compounds, their sulphides and carbonates (in which they are present in nature) are first converted into their oxides by the process of roasting and calcination respectively. Copper and gold. These valence electrons are often given away to more electronegative atoms such as the nonmetals, making metals electron donors. What are ores and minerals ? Submit. Metals And Non-metals Book Chosen. In this page, you can find CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers Metals and Non-metals Pdf free download, NCERT Extra Questions for Class 10 Science will make your practice complete. Frank Modern Certificate Chemistry Part II Subject Chosen. Question 13. Answer: Why does calcium float in water ? Metals are electron donors (metals loses/donates electrons) Now see, metals have a tendency to lose electrons. It is freshly prepared mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid in the ratio of 3 : 1. Answer: And more number of protons means more amount of positive charge. Non-metal: Bromine (Br) How is copper obtained from sulphide ore? Question 4. And as the number of orbits increases, the size of the atom increases. Small size indicates that the nucleus has more attractive force. Prevention of corrosion : Rusting of iron is prevented by galvanising, by making alloys, painting, greasing or oiling, tin-plating. Metals have a tendency to lose electrons and hence they supply electrons, i.e., they are electron donors. Metallic character trend on Periodic table, Metals are electron donors (metals loses/donates electrons), Non metallic character trend on Periodic table, Nonmetals are electrons gainers (nonmetals accept/gains electrons), Electronegativity trend in Periodic table. This layer prevents the metal underneath from further corrosion. Answer: (ii) Electrolyte : Silver salt, such as AgNO3, AgCl, etc. (v) Metals like Na, K, Ca and Mg are never found in their free state in nature. EOS Products are formulated to optimize in situ remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. The metals which lose electrons less readily than hydrogen are placed below it and the metals which lose electrons more readily than hydrogen are placed above it in the reactivity series of metals. Na → Na+ + e– In ionic bonds, the metal loses electrons to become a positively charged cation, whereas the nonmetal accepts those electrons to become a negatively charged anion. 2H → H2 (g) Thus, it requires 2 electrons to complete the octet. Repetitive. While moving down the group (from top to bottom), the Valency of elements remains the same. The reaction between iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3) and aluminium gives out lots of heat. Answer: The surface of some metals acquires a dull appearance when exposed to air for a long time due to the formation of a thin layer of oxide, carbonate or sulphide on their surface by the slow action of the various gases present in air. 680 Views. So atomic size increases from top to bottom and also it increases from right to left. Thus, it is considered an amphoteric oxide. Graphite is a good conductor of electricity. Electron affinity and electron gain enthalpy are similar to each other. 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